Neonicotinoids in U.S. maize: Insecticide substitution effects and environmental risk
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Environmental fate and exposure; neonicotinoids and fipronil
Systemic insecticides are applied to plants using a wide variety of methods, ranging from foliar sprays to seed treatments and soil drenches. Neonicotinoids and fipronil are among the most widely used pesticides in the world. Their popularity is largely due to their high toxicity to invertebrates, the ease and flexibility with which they can be applied, their long persistence, and their systemi...
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Neonicotinoid insecticides are a major group and the newest group among insecticides. They permeate the entire body of a plant and show excellent effects for the control of diseases and harmful insects. The history of neonicotinoid insecticides from development to their market release dates back to the late 1800s. Nicotine (Fig. 1), an alkaloid in tobacco leaves, is an early neonicotinoid insec...
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15 صفحه اولRisk assessment for side-effects of neonicotinoids against bumblebees with and without impairing foraging behavior.
Bombus terrestris bumblebees are important pollinators of wild flowers, and in modern agriculture they are used to guarantee pollination of vegetables and fruits. In the field it is likely that worker bees are exposed to pesticides during foraging. To date, several tests exist to assess lethal and sublethal side-effects of pesticides on bee survival, growth/development and reproduction. Within ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Environmental Economics and Management
سال: 2020
ISSN: 0095-0696
DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2020.102320